4.21.2008

Ump Talk: Check Swings...How the Pros Call it

The Question: If you're like me, you've probably always been a bit confused as to why Umps call some check swings swings, and others checks. Well, that's because it's up to Umpire's discretion. (Read: there is no mechanical litmus test for a swing or no swing call.)

The Conventional Wisdom: To hear the TV folks (and most MLB players/coaches for that matter) tell it, this call comes down to a jamboree of cliches like "did he go around" and things about the batter "breaking his wrists" or "breaking the plane of the plate" with the bat. Better yet, since judging whether the batter's bat "went around" is difficult from the home plate Ump's position, we get the drama of the catcher "appealing" to the 1st or 3rd base Ump. So we get that satisfying picture in our minds of the catcher heroically appealing with his glove pointed down the basepath...and then a spirited safe or strike call if the bat swung across the plate. And then we get 2 or 3 replays from the dugout camera to see if the call was correct. Sound about right?

The Latest Example: Well, that's how I always thought it went down, but in reality...that's not the case. Indeed, these rules of thumb we've all heard can often predict the call the 1st or 3rd base Ump will make -- but not all the time.

If you were watching the Cubs v. Mets game on ESPN tonight, Mark DeRosa (2B, Cubs) got hot and bothered about a call like this. He checked his swing as the pitch crossed the plate, but was punched out by home plate Ump Angel Hernandez (55). DeRosa said some choice phrases on his way back to the bench, asking for a second opinion from down the 1st Base line. Hernandez waived him off and reiterated his call.

The TV booth guys all wondered:

1. DeRosa didn't appear to go around, so why was it a strike?
2. Why didn't Hernandez allow the appeal on such a close call?


The Explanation: The answer is that Hernandez had no reason to get the second opinion for the call he made. The test as to "swing or no swing" is whether the batter made any attempt to strike the ball. So listen up, batters...holding up after the fact won't necessarily save you.

Bat is back as the pitch reaches the plate. (click to enlarge)


Hips open, bat checked as ball is in the glove.


1. As you can see from the pics, DeRosa checks his swing pretty much WHILE the ball is crossing the plate. From this angle, it appears DeRosa was pretty well fooled on the pitch and made the decision to hold up when he realized he wouldn't be able to make contact...and he indeed held up the swing and perhaps didn't go around.

Can't get in his head, but it seems the Home Plate Umpire saw a well-timed attempt at the pitch (see how DeRosa is still moving his bat forward as the ball crosses the plate). It doesn't matter whether his bat "goes around" in this case. It really doesn't matter if he's within a nautical mile of hitting the ball. All that matters is if the Umpire believes the batter made an attempt to strike the ball. The rule is made this way to protect a pitcher who makes a good pitch against a batter who is only checking his swing because he misjudged the pitch so badly.

2. Why no appeal? Because it is the Home Plate Ump's call to make. Despite the oft-mentioned catcher "appealing" a call up the line, only the Plate Ump can pass the call to the 1st Base or 3rd Base Ump. The appeal is available TO HIM because the Home Plate Ump is tasked with the all-important ball-or-strike judgement call. He often doesn't have the bandwidth to be fooling around with judging an attempted swing and needs help from time to time. (Don't forget, if the pitch is a strike, the swing or no swing doesn't matter...which is, of course, the reason the Home Plate Ump focuses on that call.)

In this case, the pitch was likely an EASY ball call, allowing Hernandez to get a look at the swing. And with a good look, it's pretty easy to tell DeRosa made an attempt to strike the ball...a ball he realized he wouldn't be able to get around on a split second too late.

8 comments:

Scott William Baird said...

Anytime a batter starts a swing, more likely than not their wrist will break and a "swing" happens. It's very hard to stop when you start because it's not natural to stop. It's almost as if you're going in reverse to check your swing.

Mike "Mike" Hudson said...

true...and this is the reason so many people think the call comes back to things like the wrists or the bat position. But these are merely indicators of a probable swing call, not the actual basis of the rule.

unrelated, but...how does tiger stop his swing once he winds up? that's weird and very unnatural. Sheff can do it, too.

somebodytogobackintimewith said...

There's a few things about Shef that are unnatural, if you believe the rumors.

somebodytogobackintimewith said...

But seriously him and Bonds have the strongest, quickest wrists and forearms I've ever seen. Off the charts.

Gibby also comes to mind when I think about great checkers of swings.

Was it Willie Horton who broke his bat trying to hold up? Bad Ass.

Scott William Baird said...

You can come to a sudden stop once you start, although it takes a ton of strength to do so, almost at the risk of injury... like whenever you see a pitcher begin their windup, and time is called in the middle of it, the pitcher is always instructed to go through with their motion to avoid injury from the unnatural motion of suddenly stopping.

Mike "Mike" Hudson said...

exactly, scottie. i mean, when tiger does it, you can't believe he didn't pull every muscle in his body. sheff is the one that come to mind for a "how did he not pull something?" check swing.

but shouldn't steroids INCREASE his chances of muscle pulls? like when sosa put his back out sneezing or whatever?

somebodytogobackintimewith said...

I was just kidding about the steroids thing; using the words Sheffield and unnatural in the same paragraph is a Pavlovian trigger for me.

Scott William Baird said...

Tiger does have knee problems (which can be related to his swing or roids) and it seems Sheffield has problems with his shoulders because of his swing (or roids). His whole arm should be in a cast. I know mine would be if I had a swing like that.